Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was born on April 26, 1889, in Vienna, Austria, into one of the wealthiest families in the Austro-Hungarian empire. He made significant contributions to the philosophies of logic, mathematics, mind, and language. Wittgenstein's ideas have had a profound influence on both analytic philosophy and continental philosophy. His two major works, the 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus' and 'Philosophical Investigations,' were published in 1921 and 1953, respectively.