Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a German philosopher, economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. Born in Trier, Prussia (now Germany), Marx studied law and philosophy at the universities of Bonn and Berlin, where he was influenced by the works of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Marx's radical views led him to a career in journalism, where he became involved in political writing and activism. In 1843, Marx moved to Paris, where he began his lifelong collaboration with Friedrich Engels. Their most famous joint work, "The Communist Manifesto," was published in 1848. This pamphlet presented the principles of communism, advocating for the overthrow of capitalist societies and the establishment of a classless, stateless society. Marx and Engels argued that all historical development was driven by class struggle and that the working class, or proletariat, would eventually rise up against the bourgeoisie, leading to a revolution. Marx spent much of his later life in London, where he continued his research and writing. His seminal work, "Das Kapital," critically analyzed the capitalist system, exploring the nature of commodities, labor, and capital. Despite facing financial difficulties and health issues, Marx remained dedicated to his work, which laid the groundwork for future socialist and communist movements. Marx's theories have had a profound impact on the social sciences and political movements worldwide. His ideas influenced the development of socialism and communism in the 20th century, shaping the policies and ideologies of numerous governments and political parties. Marx's legacy continues to be debated and studied, highlighting his enduring influence on modern thought and society.